Abstract\nThis paper aims to answer whether the dichotomy between the two neoclassical and evolutionary rationales for science, technology and innovation policy is applicable to developing countries, as it is to the developed countries. In order to achieve its goal, the paper puts forth that, due to the institutional setting and structural conditions in Iran, as an exemplar of developing countries, the two opposite rationales are being converged, despite their fundamentally different foundations.. Drawing on Theme Analysis Method, the rationales are firstly conceptualized and then the fuzzy method is applied to reveal people\'s tendency to the extracted rationales and implications of the two contrasting schools. In conclusion, the deposited hypothesis is proved to be correct