The tourist development of Cuba has been based on the tourism of sun and beach fundamentally, but the great quantity and diversity of ecosystems, landscapes and sorts of flora and fauna, they have done possible that the late years a new tourist offer of great commercial and environmental interest had happened with great strength, as it is the Ecotourism. Over 1 600 islets (many of them in virgin status), 6 000 km of coast, 5 325 km2 of mangroves, 3 400 km of coral reefs, an extensive insular platform of 70 000 km2 where they meet once 525 spots of diving were located over, they make of this archipelago an idyllic place for the practice of the sports tourism in the middle natural, like healthy way to know the world and to live adventures. The tourism in Cuba represents an essential sector to keep on generating foreign exchange that enables the cost-reducing support of the country. This tourist potential and recreational sports of Cuba it’s based on the combination of four basic elements: Culture, the climate, it geological structure and it insularity, that permits them to be a suitable place of evasion and isolation, able to live adventures and new experiences. Nevertheless, in spite of the fact that the ecotourism in Cuba be a tourist quite young mode still, it is calculated than during the year 2002, this tourist mode was practiced on the island for over 630 000 tourists (30 % of the total of the country), according to the III Ecotourism Event celebrated in Granma in 2003, and, over 160 000 of them arrived with parcels journeys where ecotourism was include. The present study tries to accomplish a brief review of the historic evolution of the ecotourism at the Island of Youth (Cuba) and the environmental and commercial repercussions that the practice of the sports tourism has entailed for all of the island of Cuba.