In connection with the growing anthropogenic impact the protection of environment became\nthe global issue. The portion to the environmental pollution made by the mining industry is significant.\nIn conditions of mountainous relief the problem is aggravated even more because of limitedness and\nclosure of space. The factors, which influence the state of environment, under the conditions of\nhighland region bear priority nature because of the special signs of topographical, territorial and\ngeographical plan.\nIt is also necessary to note that practically all forms of natural phenomena and processes of\ngeological, hydrogeological and meteorological nature are the sources of risks. Earthquakes are some\nof the most dangerous natural phenomena under the conditions of mountainous relief.\nThe territory of North Ossetia is located in the zone of high seismicity and it is characterized by\nthe greatest seismic risk, since in conditions of high seismic hazard there is the greatest density of\npopulation in North Caucasus.According to the maps of seismic hazard in the territory of republic for\nthe important objects, such as the tailings dumps, entire southern part of the republic is located in the\nlimits of 9 MSK intensity [Zaalishvili et al., 2007, Zaalishvili, 2012b]. In the case of\nearthquakes with intensity of 5 points the site, folded by some type of soil and occupied by tailings\ndump (wastes of mining industry), will be under active impact. The natural volume of the waste,\nwhich contains heavy metals and their salts, frequently irrigated deformed by waves, will obviously\nnoticeably change under the moderate seismic influences, accelerating the leaching of minerals. This\nwill increase the volume of toxic substances penetration into the soil, which will enlarge the area of\npollution. Toxic substances temporarily “preserved” in the bottom deposits, for example river Ardon,\nwill increase the pollution of territory more even though the river flow will take away large part of\nwaste in the estuary.\nTo assess the pollution of the territory as closely related parameter, the development of\nneoplasm among the inhabitants of the urbanized mountain territory on the example of Vladikavkaz\ncity was investigated. Morbidity was studied depending on the distance from the metallurgical\nenterprises and tailings dumps, located in the northeastern part of the city.